Project ForgeInstrumentation & Process Control
Controller Modes
GATE 2014
Easy
Integral of the time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) is expressed as
- A∫₀^∞ |ε(t)|/t² dt
- B∫₀^∞ |ε(t)|/t dt
- ∫₀^∞ t|ε(t)| dt
- D∫₀^∞ t²|ε(t)| dt
Explanation
ITAE weights the absolute error by time (a single power of t), penalizing errors that persist long after startup more heavily than early transient errors: ITAE=∫₀^∞ t|ε(t)|dt.
Source: GATE CH 2014 (2014)
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