Project ForgeIn a process occurring in a closed system F, the heat transferred from F to the surroundings E is 600 J. If the temperature of E is 300 K and that of F is in the range 380-400 K, the entropy changes of the surroundings (ΔSE) and system (ΔSF), in J/K, are given by
- AΔSE=2, ΔSF=−2
- BΔSE=−2, ΔSF=2
- CΔSE=2, ΔSF<−2
- ΔSE=2, ΔSF>−2
Explanation
Surroundings E (a large reservoir at fixed 300K) absorbs 600J: ΔSE=+600/300=+2 J/K. System F releases 600J at a temperature between 380-400K, so ΔSF=−600/TF, which lies between −600/380≈−1.58 and −600/400=−1.5 — both of which are GREATER than −2. So ΔSE=2, ΔSF>−2 (consistent with a real, irreversible process where total entropy change ΔSE+ΔSF≥0).
Source: GATE CH 2013 (2013)
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